The Catholic Church and the Presbyterian Church

Are the Catholics and the Presbyterians the same denomination and do they have the same theological beliefs however, simply have a different name? Even though the Catholics and Presbyterians have one theological understanding in common, they believe that Jesus died on the cross for our sins, they do not have the exact same theological understandings as each other.

The Catholic Church is governed by a church hierarchy where as the Presbyterian Church is goverened mianly by the board of directors chosen by the congregation and the General Assembly. The Presbyterian Church is ruled by the congregation since the directors on the board are elected by the congregation (http://mb-soft.com/). However, the Catholic Church is operated under many groups that all answer to the head of the church, the successor of Peter, the pope (http://www.catholic-pages.com/). The pope is the head of the church, appointed the position as Peter's Successor and he is the head of the College of Bishops and Cardinals and called to lead the whole church (http://www.catholic-pages.com/). The Pope is a very important figure in the Catholic church since he is known as taking Christ's place on Christ's behalf as a shepherd on earth to lead Christ's flock (http://www.infoplease.com/ & http://www.catholic-pages.com/). The pope is therefore, the head of the hierarchy of the Catholic Church.
The College of Bishiops are a group that are known as the successors of the apostles. The College consists of Bishops from praticular individual churches throughout the world and this forms the College of Bishops (http://www.catholic-pages.com/). Each Bishop has charge of a particular Diocese (http://www.catholic-pages.com/). An Ecumenical council is formed when the Bishops come together and they can there they can exercise their power. However, the Ecumenical council must be recognised and agreed upon by the successor of Petor, unless he is present at the meeting, then the ecumenical council is not valid and would have no authority (http://www.catholic-pages.com/ & http://www.infoplease.com/). The College of Bishops has quite a high amount of authority from within the Catholic church.
The College of Cardinals have a high amount of authority in the church. The College of Cardinals act as special advisors to the pope himself, meaning they have direct access with the head of the church (http://www.catholic-pages.com/). They also come together to elect the new successor of the pope after the last pope passes away. This is a display of complete and high authority.
The lowest authority in the church is the brothers and sisters that are said to be called to live "a life consecrated to god" (http://www.catholic-pages.com/). Therefore the Catholic Church and Presbyterian Church are ruled very differently from one another in the way they are governed.

The two churches both partake in communion together except have a different way of taking communion. The catholic church takes communion when doing the "mass" which is a very important practice within the Catholic Church. The Presbyterian Church simply asks the congregation to take a cup and bread and they stand up together, give thanks then eat and drink. The mass is a longer practice which has been a traditional practice in the Catholic Church (http://catholic-resources.org/). Therefore they both practice a very important theological belief known as communion.

Their use of music is different as the Catholic church is more conservative and believes in keeping traditional hymns. There is no contemporary music in the catholic church and compared to the Presbyterian church it is very formally orientated. The catholic church keeps is very formal and it is nearly expected that you would know the Lord's prayer as they do they use their hands to peform the sign of the cross over their chest as they say the Lord's prayer. The Presbyterian Church does not peform such traditions, they simply bow their heads and close their eyes then pray.

The two denominations believe that Jesus died for our sins and rose again. However the bible the two churches have are slightly different. Does this affect any of the theological understandings of the Catholic Church and the Presbyterian Church? The theological understandings of the Catholic Church are based on their bible which contains additional books in the old testament than the other bible translations and does not affect the story of Jesus Christ (http://www.biblestudy.org/). The two denominations still believe that Jesus died for our sins and rose again despite the two bibles being different.